Hungarian adaptation of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ-24) and results of pilot studies in the case of 10th grade students

Abstract

Mindfulness is a rather new research area in Hungary and there is no empirical research in the field of education regarding this phenomenon. The aim of our study is to report about the domestic adaptational process of the FFMQ-24 measurement tool and the results of two pilot studies carried out among 10th graders. Using SPSS, Jamovi and SmartPLS3 programs, we examined the function and indicators of goodness of the adapted questionnaire through detailed statistical data analysis. The purpose of these examinations was to create a questionnaire version with adequate reliability, factor structure and item-level discriminant validity values. The second version of the questionnaire was applied in this research, which was developed based on the results of the first version of the questionnaire. The factor structure and internal consistency of the latter instrument version are particularly good despite the small sample-size (n=66). The RMSEA value (0.080) also indicates an excellent fit. All in all, three items did not have a perfect fit. Item 23 (acting with awareness factor), probably did not function properly due to individual preferences. In the case of statements 18 and 21 (nonreactivity factor), the latent effects of the virus situation may have influenced the response patterns of the participating students. The entire questionnaire has good reliability (α=0.803). Among the five subscales, only the Cronbach-α value (=0.487) of acting with awareness is less adequate, while its CR value (0.711) showing structural reliability is acceptable, so the items fulfil their function and are suitable for data collection. The reliability (α=0.586-0.779) and CR values (0.696-0.850) of the other subscales indicate adequate functioning. Summarizing the results, the second version of the questionnaire can be considered as a reliable tool for measuring mindfulness in Hungary.