Az emlékezet útvonalai : itineráriumok a Kapisztrán Jánosról és Marchiai Jakabról szóló 15. századi életrajzokban

Absztrakt

The study examines how the Central European journeys of the John of Capestrano and James of the Marches, two eminent figures of the Franciscan Observance in the fifteenth century, are represented by their biographers. The sacra peregrinatio delineated by Venanzio da Fabriano, Giovanni Battista Petrucci and Aurelio Simmaco de' Jacobiti, authors of Vitae written on James of the Marches virtually resembles the ones written by Niccoló da Fara, Girolamo da Udine, Cristoforo da Varese, who have narrated the life of John of Capestrano. Yet, the problem was raised forty years ago by Dionysius Lasic', who has drawn partly right conclusions, but also others that proved to be incorrect. He sets out rightly, that it was first of all Antonio Bonfini to associate explicitly - but mistakenly - the activity and the journeys of two Observants, and to loan the itinerary from the Capestrano's biographers. However, we believe that the biographers of James, Petrucci and Jacobiti did not take the itinerary from Bonfini - as it was supposed by Lasic' - but from the works written on Capestrano, and they attributed it to their "own" saint. Nevertheless, Jacobiti inserts fabulous elements (Norway, Livonia, Russia) what cannot be found in any other biography. Thus, it can be stated that Petrucci's work must have been the closest to the ones written by the Capestrano's biographers, therefore it is likely, that he was acquainted with some of them. Finally - as opposed to Lasic's supposition - the version of Venanzio has not arisen from any other, but it reflects most precisely the main stages of James' itinerary outside Italy. The author concludes with some observations on the political, religiousand cultural conditions, that could promote the amalgamation of the itineraries, as well as the image of the two Observants.