Maritime Piracy in the Modern Era in Latin America Discrepancies in the Regulation
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Resumo
Maritime piracy is an activity that was considered defunct long ago and that Latin American countries experience it again in the 21st century. Since 2016 the number of attacks has increased dramatically involving armed robbery, kidnapping and massacre. Modern day piracy has nothing to do with the romantic illusion of the pirates of the Caribbean, this phenomenon is associated with the governmental, social or economic crisis of a state. When it appears, we can make further conclusions regarding the general conditions of the society in these states. But do these attacks really constitute piracy under international law? Does Latin American piracy have unique features that are different from piracy in the rest of the world? The study attempts to answer the questions why piracy matters in Latin America and how it relates to drug trafficking and terrorism. Apart from that, the study presents a legal aspect comparing the regulation of international law to domestic law, especially to the national law of Latin American states.
Downloads
Article Details
Referências
Código Penal de Brasil. Available at: http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/decreto-lei/ del2848compilado.htm, access date: 20-10-2019.
Código Penal de Chile. Available at: https://www.leychile.cl/Navegar?idNorma=1984 &idVersion=2014-03-08, access date: 20-10-2019.
Código Penal de Venezuela. Available at: https://www.oas.org/juridico/mla/sp/ven /sp_ven-int-text-cp.html, access date: 20-10-2019.
Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation. Adopted 10 March 1988.
Guilfoyle, Douglas (2015). Piracy and Terrorism. In: Koutrakos, Panos – Skordas, Achilles (eds.). 2015. The Law and Practice of Piracy at Sea. Oxford: Hart Publishing. 33-53.
Eudeline, Hugues (2011). Terrorism – A New Threat to the Control of the Sea. Stockholm: Swedish National Defence College Conference. 1-28.
González Napolitano, Silvina S. (2011). La práctica de los Estados latinoamericanos con respecto a la tipificación de la piratería marítima. In: Consigli, José Alejandro (ed.). 2015. Piratería en el siglo XXI. Buenos Aires: Consejo Argentino para las Relaciones Internacionales. 157-185.
Kiss, Amarilla (2009). A tengeri kalózkodás nemzetközi jogi megítélése, különös tekintettel a Szomália partjainál folyó eseményekre. Acta Juridica et Politica, IX. 211-220.
Kontorovich, Eugen (2010). A Guantanamo on the Sea: The Difficulty of Prosecuting Pirates and Terrorists. California Law Review, 98/1. 243-276.
Nitschke, Stefan (ed.) (2015). Projecting Colombia’s forces and maritime power. Naval Forces, vol. XXXVI. 1-44. Available at: https://www.armada.mil.co/sites/default/files /naval_forces_colombia_2015.pdf, access date: 20-10-2019.
Petrig, Anna – Geiß, Robin (2011). Piracy and Armed Robbery at Sea. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Shearer, Ivan (2012). Piracy. In: Rüdiger Wolfrum (ed.). 2012. The Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law. vol.8., Oxford: Oxford University Press, 322.
The State of Maritime Piracy 2018. Oceans Beyond Piracy. Available at: https://stableseas.org/publications/maritime-terrorism/state-piracy-2018-human-cost, access date: 20-10-2019.
The State of Maritime Piracy 2017. One Earth Foundation. Available at: http://oceansbeyondpiracy.org/sites/default/files/one_earth_future_state_of_piracy_report_2017.pdf, access date: 20-10-2019.
Total Naval Strength by Country. Available at: https://www.globalfirepower.com/ navy-ships.asp, access date: 20-10-2019.
United Nations Conventions on the Law of the Sea. Adopted 10 December 1982, Montego Bay.